Q: how much more than fat does muscle weigh on a female age 40, 5'6' and 160 lbs?

A: Unfortunately there is no way to know that exactly without knowing your body fat percentage. At your height, weight and age your body fat is probably around 30%. Average muscle content in a person is about 35%, so you have 5% more of your bodyweight (or 8 pounds) in muscle than fat.